Knowledge and understanding: achieving the knowledge, with the support of advanced textbooks, of the topics of the course , and of some avant garde themes in the electromagnetism.
Applying knowledge and understanding: providing the basic knowledge of the electromagnetic engineering, so as to obtain a professional able not only to study specialized issues of Electromagnetics (such as those concerning analysis and design of antennas and microwave devices), but also capable of having ideas and supporting arguments.
Making judgements: gather and interpret relevant data in electromagnetic problems.
Communication skills: prompting the ability of the student of communicating informations, ideas, problems and solutions.
Learning skills: developing the skills necessary to undertake successive studies of electromagnetism with a high level of autonomy.

Knowledge and ability of using the mathematical and physical tools provided in the following courses: Analisi matematica I, Analisi matematica II, Fisica I and Fisica II. and the ability of solving electrical circuits.

Theory of elementary cells for time-harmonic transmission lines. Propagation constant, characteristic impedance and related parameters. Voltage and current waves. Phase velocity and wavelength. Reflection coefficient and impedance. Line closed on the characteristic impedance, short circuit, open circuit, reactive load. Line sections with resistive impedance. Voltage Standing Wave Ratio (VSWR). Coaxial cable. Power in a transmission line. Quarter-wave matching. Single, double and triple stubs. Smith chart. Time-domain transmission line. Voltage-current differential equations. Recall to mathematics for the electromagnetism. Line, surface and volume integrals. Complex vectors. Modulus of a vector. Scalar and vector product, orthogonality. Flux of a vector through a surface or a line. Gradient, divergence and curl. Divergence theorem, Stokes theorem, gradient theorem and curl theorem. Orthogonal curvilinear coordinates. Circular cylindrical coordinates and spherical coordinates.
Electric charge, electric current, charge density and current density. Electric field and Coulomb law. Field of a charge distribution. Electrostatic potential. Gauss theorem. Magnetism. Magnetic induction vector. Lorentz force. Magnetic force on a current wire. Gauss law of the magnetism. Faraday law and Lenz law. Ampère law. Biot-Savart law. Law of electric charge conservation.
Time-domain Maxwell equations in the vacuum, in both integral and differential forms. Sinusoidal vector. Linear, circular and elliptical polarization. Vectorial phasor. Frequency domain Maxwell equations, in the vacuum, in both integral and differential forms.
The vectors of electrical polarization, magnetization, electrical displacement and magnetic field.
Maxwell equations in the matter, in both the integral and differential forms, in both the time and frequency domain. Electric and magnetic current sources. Constitutive relations: linear, isotropic and homogeneous media. Basic concepts on anisotropy.
Boundary conditions for the electromagnetic fields. Perfect conductors. Poynting theorems in the time-domain and in the frequency-domain. Stored power and energy. Unicity theorems in the time-domain and in the frequency-domain. Resonant field.
Helmholtz equation. Plane wave solution of the homogeneous Helmholtz equation. Separability and zero-divergence conditions of plane waves. Basic concepts on waves. Equiphase and equi-amplitude surfaces. Phase velocity. Uniform and non-uniform plane waves. Electric field and magnetic field relations for a plane wave. Polarization properties of the electric and magnetic vectors of a time-harmonic plane wave. Reflection of uniform plane wave incident on a perfect electric conductor plane. Reflection and transmission of uniform plane wave on a plane surface separating two perfect dielectric media.
Reflection law and Snell law. Total reflection. TE and TM polarizations. Frésnel formulas. Decomposition of a plane wave in TE and TM waves. Fermat principle. Brewster angle.
Exercises in classroom on the above subjects will be done.

[1] C. A. Balanis, Advanced Engineering Electromagnetics, John Wiley and Sons, New York, 1989
[2] G. Franceschetti, Campi elettromagnetici, Boringhieri, Torino, 1983.
[3] G. Gerosa e P. Lampariello, Lezioni di Campi elettromagnetici, Edizioni Ingegneria 2000, Roma, 1995.
[4] J. D. Jackson, Classical Electrodynamics, Wiley, 1962.
[5] C. G. Someda, Onde elettromagnetiche, UTET, Torino, 1986.
[6] M. D'Amico, S. Maddio, C. Riva, Elementi di campi elettromagnetici. Una selezione di esercizi, complementi e applicazioni, Politecnica/Maggioli Editore, 2022.

Theory of elementary cells for time-harmonic transmission lines. Propagation constant, characteristic impedance and related parameters. Voltage and current waves. Phase velocity and wavelength. Reflection coefficient and impedance. Line closed on the characteristic impedance, short circuit, open circuit, reactive load. Line sections with resistive impedance. Voltage Standing Wave Ratio (VSWR). Coaxial cable. Power in a transmission line. Quarter-wave matching. Single, double and triple stubs. Smith chart. Time-domain transmission line. Voltage-current differential equations. Recall to mathematics for the electromagnetism. Line, surface and volume integrals. Complex vectors. Modulus of a vector. Scalar and vector product, orthogonality. Flux of a vector through a surface or a line. Gradient, divergence and curl. Divergence theorem, Stokes theorem, gradient theorem and curl theorem. Orthogonal curvilinear coordinates. Circular cylindrical coordinates and spherical coordinates.
Electric charge, electric current, charge density and current density. Electric field and Coulomb law. Field of a charge distribution. Electrostatic potential. Gauss theorem. Magnetism. Magnetic induction vector. Lorentz force. Magnetic force on a current wire. Gauss law of the magnetism. Faraday law and Lenz law. Ampère law. Biot-Savart law. Law of electric charge conservation.
Time-domain Maxwell equations in the vacuum, in both integral and differential forms. Sinusoidal vector. Linear, circular and elliptical polarization. Vectorial phasor. Frequency domain Maxwell equations, in the vacuum, in both integral and differential forms.
The vectors of electrical polarization, magnetization, electrical displacement and magnetic field.
Maxwell equations in the matter, in both the integral and differential forms, in both the time and frequency domain. Electric and magnetic current sources. Constitutive relations: linear, isotropic and homogeneous media. Basic concepts on anisotropy.
Boundary conditions for the electromagnetic fields. Perfect conductors. Poynting theorems in the time-domain and in the frequency-domain. Stored power and energy. Unicity theorems in the time-domain and in the frequency-domain. Resonant field.
Helmholtz equation. Plane wave solution of the homogeneous Helmholtz equation. Separability and zero-divergence conditions of plane waves. Basic concepts on waves. Equiphase and equi-amplitude surfaces. Phase velocity. Uniform and non-uniform plane waves. Electric field and magnetic field relations for a plane wave. Polarization properties of the electric and magnetic vectors of a time-harmonic plane wave. Reflection of uniform plane wave incident on a perfect electric conductor plane. Reflection and transmission of uniform plane wave on a plane surface separating two perfect dielectric media.
Reflection law and Snell law. Total reflection. TE and TM polarizations. Frésnel formulas. Decomposition of a plane wave in TE and TM waves. Fermat principle. Brewster angle.
Exercises in classroom on the above subjects will be done.

Theoretical lessons and exercices in the classroom.

Questions concerning the theory and exercices are possible also outside the class schedule, by contacting the teacher personally or by e-mail.

Written and oral examination. The written examination will consist of theoretical or applicative exercises (generally two) to be solved in a reasonable assigned time. The oral examination will consist in some verification questions and eventually of exercices with eventually open answers. The examination is considered as passed when the student has obtained a positive evaluation in both the written and the oral examination. The mark takes into account the completeness, accuracy and generality in solving the exercises (written examination),and the level of knowledge and the ability of analysis and synthesis shown by the student (oral examination). The final mark will be the mean of the two marks regarding the written and the oral examination.
Possible changes to the here described methods, which become necessary to ensure the application of the safety protocols due to the COVID19 emergency, will be communicated on the Department, Study Program and teaching website.