1) Knowledge and understanding skills: in-depth knowledge of the fundamental principles underlying the homeostatic processes in animals and humans; solid knowledge on the functions of organs and apparatuses of the human body under healthy conditions; good knowledge of some, paradigmatic, aspects of pathophysiology, when these are relevant to the understanding of human physiology.

2) Applied knowledge and understanding: by acquiring the theoretical basis about how to use and read data from major diagnostic and laboratory methodologies such as measurement of haematochemical parameters, medical and neurological assessments, main imaging techniques of body and brain.

3) Making judgments, acquiring an integrated vision of the functioning of the human body, whereby each activity is capable of influencing others, leading to a unified articulation of the state of health with the ability to predict the realistic consequences of simple pathological situations.

4) Communication Skills, thanks to the presentation, in the classroom, of the concepts asked by the teacher, in a stimulated and interactive didactic environment. Students will always be urged to keep in mind the need for a scientifically accurate exposure and communication with colleagues and simple, albeit exhaustive, with patients and their family members. They will be stimulated to express themselves with a correct and essential language.

5) Learning skills: during lessons more than one textbook will be used, urging the students to gain information from more than one sources, citing the references of the displayed topics. The topics discussed will always be approached from different perspectives, so that students will be able to make a clear and complete opinion. Learning will be verified daily, asking short questions to students during lessons.

Skills of life sciences of upper secondary schools (highschools).

- Homeostasis
Homeostasis.
Body fluids.
- Blood and lymph
Blood: general characteristics, functions of plasma and corpuscular part, haematopoiesis, haemocateresis, ABO system and Rh system, haemostasis.
The lymph: characteristics, function, constituent elements.
- Cardiovascular system
Cardiac cycle.
Heart sounds.
Cardiac output.
Conduction system.
Notes on the electrocardiogram.
Cardiac output regulation.
Blood volume and distribution.
Hemodynamics: blood flow and its systemic and district regulation.
- Respiratory system
Pulmonary and alveolar ventilation.
Respiratory mechanics.
Spirometry (outline) and lung volumes.
Gas exchanges.
Transport of oxygen and carbon dioxide.
Notes on the nervous control of breathing.
- Central nervous system
Main functional aspects of the brain and spinal cord.
Speed ​​of conduction of nerve fibers.
Synapses.
- Integumentary system
Functions of the skin and skin appendages.
Thermoregulation.
- Sensory receptors
General characteristics of the receptors.
Concepts of threshold, adaptation, receptive field.
Propioception, exteroception and interception.
- Endocrine system
General characteristics of the endocrine system.
Functions of epiphysis, pituitary, thyroid, parathyroid, adrenal, endocrine pancreas.
- Urinary system
Volume, composition and determination of the body fluids.
Control of urine production.
- Digestive system
Motility and secretion.

- Homeostasis
Homeostasis.
Body fluids.
- Blood and lymph
Blood: general characteristics, functions of plasma and corpuscular part, haematopoiesis, haemocateresis, ABO system and Rh system, haemostasis.
The lymph: characteristics, function, FISIOLOGIA UMANA-un approccio integrato, settima edizione, Dee Unglaub Silverthorn
ANATOMIA E FISIOLOGIA - M.P. McKinley et al - 2016 - Piccin
ANATOMIA E FISIOLOGIA - K.T. Patton, G.A. Thibodeau – 2011 – Elsevier

Homeostasis
Homeostasis.
Body fluids.
- Blood and lymph
Blood: general characteristics, functions of plasma and corpuscular part, haematopoiesis, haemocateresis, ABO system and Rh system, haemostasis.
The lymph: characteristics, function, constituent elements.
- Cardiovascular system
Cardiac cycle.
Heart sounds.
Cardiac output.
Conduction system.
Notes on the electrocardiogram.
Cardiac output regulation.
Blood volume and distribution.
Hemodynamics: blood flow and its systemic and district regulation.
- Respiratory system
Pulmonary and alveolar ventilation.
Respiratory mechanics.
Spirometry (outline) and lung volumes.
Gas exchanges.
Transport of oxygen and carbon dioxide.
Notes on the nervous control of breathing.
- Central nervous system
Main functional aspects of the brain and spinal cord.
Speed ​​of conduction of nerve fibers.
Synapses.
- Integumentary system
Functions of the skin and skin appendages.
Thermoregulation.
- Sensory receptors
General characteristics of the receptors.
Concepts of threshold, adaptation, receptive field.
Propioception, exteroception and interception.
- Endocrine system
General characteristics of the endocrine system.
Functions of epiphysis, pituitary, thyroid, parathyroid, adrenal, endocrine pancreas.
- Urinary system
Volume, composition and determination of the body fluids.
Control of urine production.
- Digestive system
Motility and secretion.

frontal lectures with
slide presentations

Students with disabilities or students with SLD
Students with disabilities or with Specific Learning Disorders (SLD), accredited to the Service Center for disabled students and students with SLD, can apply directly to the professor, or through the Department’s delegate for disability/SLD, to decide, having consulted the Service Center, on how to carry out the intermediate tests or the examinations, adopting any dispensatory measures or compensatory tools provided for by the current regulations and the University Guidelines.

The exam is carried out written as multiple choices responses, through 20 questions on the course topics. To get a sufficient score, at least 12 questions have to be correctly answered. Each correct question has a value of 1.6 and the score is calculated as the closer unit according to a 30 scale, where the laude is attributed to scores above 30 (up to 32).

Among the objectives that will be deepened in the course, particular attention will be dedicated to: 3) Good Health and Well-being - the contents of the course will be oriented to the learning of skill and concepts to promote health and well-being for all the citizens; 4) Quality Education - particular attention will be given to provide the student with the most appropriate tools for a proper technical-scientific education related to the course and degree; 5) Gender equality - the contents of the course will consider physiological gender differences; appropriate tools and solutions will be provided to the students considering eventual requests and needs to promote gender equality in opportunities and resources 13 and 15) Climate Action and Life on Land - the course contents will consider the effects of man on climate and land health, including the effects of the environment on human health.