KNOWLEDGE AND UNDERSTANDING: the student will acquire the tools for understanding, at the cellular and molecular level, the cellular suffering. Particular attention will be given to the cellular mechanisms of compensation to the suffering, the mechanisms of defense, innate and acquired, that the body puts in place against infectious microorganisms, and of course the inflammatory diseases which result in defects of these. Will also be taken into account currently available tools to help cells to withstand harsh conditions. The final section describes the mechanisms for healing of injured tissues. Subsequently, on the basis of previously acquired concepts will be examined in the mechanisms and effects of acute and chronic inflammatory damage. Finally, will be taken into account cellular and molecular mechanisms of neoplastic transformation and growth, the damage caused by the cancer, and will be provided the basic elements for understanding the classification of tumors.
CAPACITA' DI APPLICARE CONOSCENZA E COMPRENSIONE: essere in grado di applicare le conoscenze acquisite, come solida base per l'apprendimento di discipline correlate.
AUTONOMIA DI GIUDIZIO: acquisire un'adeguata capacità di elaborazione critica delle correlazioni morfo-funzionali tra i vari sistemi corporei.
ABILITA' COMUNICATIVE: l'acquisizione di un'adeguata terminologia biomedica è fondamentale per interfacciarsi nell'ambito della comunità scientifica biomedica.
CAPACITA' DI APPRENDIMENTO: acquisire consapevolezza della potenzialità e dei limiti dell’informazione fornita dagli esami di laboratorio.

Basic concepts of biochemistry biology and genetics.

• Cellular Pathology. Cell damage: biochemical mechanisms general, ischemic and hypoxic ischemia / reperfusion damage by chemical agents. Cell death: necrosis and morphology, apoptosis. Adaptations subcellular, cellular and tissue damage: hyperplasia, hypertrophy, atrophy, metaplasia and intracellular stores. Cellular aging: Theory clock (clock genes and telomeres), the role of radicabili free.
• Inflammation. Acute inflammation: vascular changes, cellular events (release of leukocytes from the vessels and phagocytosis), chemical mediators of inflammation (vasoactive amines, plasma proteases, arachidonic acid metabolites, cytokines and chemokines, nitric oxide, free radicals), the results of 'acute inflammation and morphological pictures. Chronic inflammation: Definition, Causes, histological type, and cells involved mechanisms, granulomatous inflammation. Systemic effects of inflammation.
• Repair of tissues. Control of normal cell growth: cell cycle and growth factors. Fibrosis and angiogenesis. Wound healing.
• Hemodynamic alterations and shock. Edema, hyperemia and congestion, hemorrhage, embolism, heart attack, shock.
• Hemostasis and thrombosis. Normal hemostasis (endothelium, platelets and the coagulation cascade), thrombosis, disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC).
• Neoplasia. Definition, terminology and signs of epidemiology. Characteristics of malignant and benign tumors. Molecular basis of cancer: oncogenes (eg: ras oncogene, the ras gene activation model) and tumor suppressor genes.

PONTIERI RUSSO FRATI. PATOLOGIA GENERALE, VOLUME 1. PICCIN
PONTIERI. ELEMENTI DI PATOLOGIA GENERALE. PICCIN

• Cellular Pathology. Cell damage: biochemical mechanisms general, ischemic and hypoxic ischemia / reperfusion damage by chemical agents. Cell death: necrosis and morphology, apoptosis. Adaptations subcellular, cellular and tissue damage: hyperplasia, hypertrophy, atrophy, metaplasia and intracellular stores. Cellular aging: Theory clock (clock genes and telomeres), the role of radicabili free. • Inflammation. Acute inflammation: vascular changes, cellular events (release of leukocytes from the vessels and phagocytosis), chemical mediators of inflammation (vasoactive amines, plasma proteases, arachidonic acid metabolites, cytokines and chemokines, nitric oxide, free radicals), the results of 'acute inflammation and morphological pictures. Chronic inflammation: Definition, Causes, histological type, and cells involved mechanisms, granulomatous inflammation. Systemic effects of inflammation. • Repair of tissues. Control of normal cell growth: cell cycle and growth factors. Fibrosis and angiogenesis. Wound healing. • Hemodynamic alterations and shock. Edema, hyperemia and congestion, hemorrhage, embolism, heart attack, shock. • Hemostasis and thrombosis. Normal hemostasis (endothelium, platelets and the coagulation cascade), thrombosis, disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC). • Neoplasia. Definition, terminology and signs of epidemiology. Characteristics of malignant and benign tumors. Molecular basis of cancer: oncogenes (eg: ras oncogene, the ras gene activation model) and tumor suppressor genes.

Frontal lessons

The power point presentations relating to the teaching units are available on the moodle@units and Microsoft Teams IT platforms

Violetta Borelli, Ph.D.
Dipartimento di Scienze della Vita
Universita' di Trieste
Via A. Valerio 28 - 34127 - Trieste
Tel: +39-040-5584033
e-mail:borelliv@units.it
Orario di Ricevimento:su appuntamento.

Partial tests are scheduled for each module of the integrated course. For this module it is a written test with multiple choice questions: 31 questions with 4 choice options to be carried out in 40 minutes. One point for each correct question, no penalty). Evaluation expressed in thirtieths.
Written test with multiple choice questions: 31 questions with 4 choice options to be carried out in 40 minutes. One point for each correct question, no penalty). Evaluation expressed in thirtieths.
The evaluation will be divide in the following levels:
-Excellent (30 -30 cum laude): excellent knowledge of the topic, excellent language use, and analytical and applicative capacity of the knowledge to real conditions.
-Very good (27 -29): very good knowledge of the topic, very good language use, and analytical and applicative capacity of the knowledge to real conditions
-Good (24-26): good knowledge of the topic, good language use, and appropriate analytical and applicative capacity of the knowledge to real conditions
-Satisfactory (21-23): Although knowing the fundamentals of the discipline, the Student does not show a total mastery of the topics. However the Students a satisfactory language use and application of the knowledge to real situations.
-Sufficient (18-20): Slightest knowledge of the main topics e technical language, limited analytical and applicative capacity of theorethical knowledge to real situations.
-Not sufficient: The Students does not possess an accettable knowledge on several topics of the teaching programme.

This teaching contributes to the realization of the UN objectives of the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development