KNOWLEDGE AND UNDERSTANDING
To identify the relevant data for a complete and in-depth assessment of nursing needs. To know the profiles of normality and abnormality in the different areas of the assessment and in relation to the individual characteristics of the cared person. To know how to make inferences on the data and among the acquired data. To define the characteristics identifying a person as in need of nursing care. To identify the need for care as 1) an undesirable human response to a clinically evident health condition/life process, 2) a risk condition for developing such a response, or 3) a desire to increase one's well-being or health potential. To decline properly the nursing diagnosis according to the PES method (problem, etiology, signs / symptoms).
APPLYING KNOWLEDGE AND UNDERSTANDING
To implement a systematic approach to the patient enabling the identification of nursing needs conditions, also describing the rationale basis of the clinical-diagnostic reasoning.
MAKING JUDGMENTS
To describe the nursing diagnoses as a clinical judgment through a correct and complete diagnostic reasoning based on the assessment data (clinical, instrumental and laboratory, life history, emotional and psychological conditions) and on the knowledge of pathology, pathophysiology and clinical nursing, as acquired until the study course.
COMMUNICATIVE SKILLS
To know and use a proper and appropriate technical-professional terminology to describe the health highlighted problems, the identified objectives and the actions taken.
LEARNING SKILLS
To prepare the Profit Exam by programming and managing the study individually, based on the content of the lessons, the delivered teaching text, and the sources suggested for further study.

Knowledge of anatomy and physiology, semeiotics, general and clinical pathology, clinical psychology and cultural anthropology

The Nursing Process: definition and general principles
The Nursing Process: the assessment
Nursing process: the diagnosis
Nursing process: care planning (outline)
Documentation of nursing care
Nursing process: guided application to simple clinical cases

There are no books to buy mandatory. The following books may be useful for personal deepening:
- T. Heather Herdman, Shigemi Kamitsuru, Camila Takáo Lopes. NANDA International Nursing Diagnoses: Definitions & Classification, 2021-2023. Thieme ed, 2021
- Judith M. Wilkinson. Diagnosi infermieristiche con NOC e NIC. Ambrosiana ed. 2017 o successive ed.

The Nursing Process: definition and general principles
The Nursing Process: the assessment
- Theories and conceptual models of reference
- Information sources for the assessment
- Types of data
- Methods of data collection and analysis
- The person's health history (nursing history)
- The person's history of illness (past medical history)
- The current disease situation (recent pathological history)
- The clinical assessment “here and now”: methodology and rationale of the assessment
Nursing process: the diagnosis
- Identification of relevant data
- Diagnostic reasoning
- Formulation of the diagnosis: the PES scheme
- Standardized nursing diagnostic terminologies
- Evidence-based nursing diagnostic terminology: NANDA-I
- Current diagnoses and risk diagnoses
- The Carpenito-Moyet bifocal method
Nursing process: care planning (outline)
- Identification of objectives and expected outcomes
- Identification of nursing interventions and planning of nursing activities
- Evaluation of the effectiveness of nursing interventions
- Documentation of nursing care
Nursing process: guided application to simple clinical cases

Lectures with broad interaction between students and teacher.
Discussion of clinical cases.

The teacher will provide an overview of the main topics of the program (on Moodle platform). For the purposes of the final evaluation it is essential to integrate these contents with what learned and discussed during the lessons.

The assessment is aimed at ascertaining the achievement of the expected learning outcomes defined with the Dublin descriptors. The assessment takes place through an oral exam, carried out in a joint session, regarding the entire program of the "General Nursing 2" course, which includes the modules of Semeiotics, Nursing Procedures 1 and 2 and Clinical Methodology. Depending on the number of students enrolled in the same session, the exams can be scheduled over several days.
The oral test takes place through a discussion with the teachers, lasting about 30 minutes on average, aiming at verifying the level of knowledge of the program topics, the level of mastery of specialist language and the ability to develop reasoning applying theoretical knowledge. The criteria for evaluating the oral exam are the following:
Insufficient: Little or no knowledge and understanding of the topics; limited capacity for analysis and synthesis, frequent generalizations of the required contents; inability to use technical language.
18-20: Just enough knowledge and understanding of topics, with obvious imperfections; just sufficient capacity for analysis, synthesis and independent judgement; poor ability to use technical language.
21-23: Sufficient knowledge and understanding of topics; sufficient capacity for analysis and synthesis with the ability to logically and coherently argue the required contents; sufficient ability to use technical language.
24-26: Fair knowledge and understanding of the topics; fair capacity for analysis and synthesis with the ability to rigorously argue the required contents; fair ability to use technical language.
27-29: Good knowledge and understanding of required content; good capacity for analysis and synthesis with the ability to rigorously argue the required contents; good ability to use technical language.
30-30 and “lode”: Excellent level of knowledge and understanding of the requested contents with an excellent capacity for analysis and synthesis with the ability to argue the requested contents in a rigorous, innovative and original way; excellent ability to use technical language.