Knowledge and understanding
To know the basic principles of systems for the utilization of electrical energy, legislation and regulation, and technologies for the electrification of final energy consumption. To understand the basic principles for the design and verification of utilization power systems.

Applying knowledge and understanding
The acquired knowledge enhances the comprehension of design constraints and the calculations for design and verification.

Making judgments
The judgment autonomy is developed through exam preparation, including the individual elaboration and assimilation of the material presented in the course.

Communication skills
The communication skills include the ability to describe, with adequate language proficiency, the peculiarities of different technologies used in the power sector, their integration into energy systems, and the methods for the selection and design of devices.

Learning skills
The learning skills are developed through in-depth analysis of the knowledge acquired during the seminars, frontal lectures, and the case studies presented in the course. These skills are verified in the final exam.

None

PRODUCTION, TRANSMISSION AND DISTRIBUTION OF POWER. The role of power systems. Centralized utility systems: generation, transmission, distribution and utilization of power. Comparison of transmission systems: DC, single-phase AC and three-phase AC. Power production: technologies, state of the art and comparative analysis. The role of reactive power. Inertia of electrical power systems. Hybrid utility systems and the role of distributed generation and storage. Connection to low and medium voltage electrical grids. ABNORMAL OPERATIONS, SWITCHING DEVICES, SAFETY AND PROTECTION. Short circuit and overload in electrical systems. Switching and protection devices. Protection against overload, against short circuit, and combined protection. Overvoltage in electrical systems. Isolation coordination. Surge protection. ELECTRICAL SAFETY PRINCIPLES. Effects of current on the human body, conventional LV safety curve, direct and indirect contacts. Earthing arrangements. Protection from indirect contacts in TT, TN, and IT systems. Protection without automatic interruption in LV systems. Protection from direct contacts. Concepts of safety, damage, and risk. Basics on electrical systems in particular environments and applications. ELECTRICAL SYSTEM DESIGN. Load diagram, conventional power, and operating current. Utilization and simultaneity factors of loads. Cable technologies, ampacity, laying methods, electrical parameters, designation acronyms and fire behavior of cables. Choice and sizing of cables. Minimum sections. LV power systems project and related documents. Software for electrical power systems design. Examples of electrical system projects in civil buildings, commercial structures, and industry. MICROGRID. Evolution of power systems and distributed generation. Microgrids. Controllable elements, demand Response, Virtual Power Plant. Operational strategies and business models. Control functions and the role of ICT. Centralized, decentralized, and distributed control. Forecasting. Microgrids design. REGULATION AND MARKET. Electricity trading and bill components, the role of demand. Integration of renewables in the electricity market. Tools for the promotion of power produced from renewables. Net metering, single buyer scheme, power purchase agreements. Aggregation of end-users. Flexibility markets and energy communities. Self-consumption and self-sufficiency. Smart metering. ENABLING TECHNOLOGIES FOR ELECTRIFICATION. Power electronics: switching converter categories and applications, uncontrolled and controlled rectifiers, inverter. Smart grid. ICT technologies for the Internet of Energy. Big data and cybersecurity. Forecasting of power production and electrical loads. Electrification of residential loads.

P. Breeze, Power generation technologies, Elsevier
J.L. Kirtley, Electric Power Principles: Sources, Conversion, Distribution and Use, Wiley
M.C. Alvarez/Hérault et al., Distribution System Planning: Evolution of Methodologies and Digital Tools for Energy Transition, Wiley
S.S. Refaat, Smart Grid and Enabling Technologies, Wiley
B. Holm-Nielsen, Smart Grids and Internet of Things: An Energy Perspective, Wiley
H. Alhelou, Active Electrical Distribution Network: A Smart Approach, Wiley
N. Hatziargyriou, Microgrids: Architectures and Control, Wiley
H. Bevrani et al., Microgrid Dynamics and Control, Wiley
N. Mahdavi Tabatabaei, Microgrid Architectures, Control and Protection Methods, Springer
R. Kumar Chauhan Kalpana Chauhan, Distributed Energy Resources in Microgrids: Integration, Challenges and Optimization, Elsevier
G. Garehpetian,Microgrids and Methods of Analysis, Elsevier

PRODUCTION, TRANSMISSION AND DISTRIBUTION OF POWER. The role of power systems. Centralized utility systems: generation, transmission, distribution and utilization of power. Comparison of transmission systems: DC, single-phase AC and three-phase AC. Power production: technologies, state of the art and comparative analysis. The role of reactive power. Inertia of electrical power systems. Hybrid utility systems and the role of distributed generation and storage. Connection to low and medium voltage electrical grids. ABNORMAL OPERATIONS, SWITCHING DEVICES, SAFETY AND PROTECTION. Short circuit and overload in electrical systems. Switching and protection devices. Protection against overload, against short circuit, and combined protection. Overvoltage in electrical systems. Isolation coordination. Surge protection. ELECTRICAL SAFETY PRINCIPLES. Effects of current on the human body, conventional LV safety curve, direct and indirect contacts. Earthing arrangements. Protection from indirect contacts in TT, TN, and IT systems. Protection without automatic interruption in LV systems. Protection from direct contacts. Concepts of safety, damage, and risk. Basics on electrical systems in particular environments and applications. ELECTRICAL SYSTEM DESIGN. Load diagram, conventional power, and operating current. Utilization and simultaneity factors of loads. Cable technologies, ampacity, laying methods, electrical parameters, designation acronyms and fire behavior of cables. Choice and sizing of cables. Minimum sections. LV power systems project and related documents. Software for electrical power systems design. Examples of electrical system projects in civil buildings, commercial structures, and industry. MICROGRID. Evolution of power systems and distributed generation. Microgrids. Controllable elements, demand Response, Virtual Power Plant. Operational strategies and business models. Control functions and the role of ICT. Centralized, decentralized, and distributed control. Forecasting. Microgrids design. REGULATION AND MARKET. Electricity trading and bill components, the role of demand. Integration of renewables in the electricity market. Tools for the promotion of power produced from renewables. Net metering, single buyer scheme, power purchase agreements. Aggregation of end-users. Flexibility markets and energy communities. Self-consumption and self-sufficiency. Smart metering. ENABLING TECHNOLOGIES FOR ELECTRIFICATION. Power electronics: switching converter categories and applications, uncontrolled and controlled rectifiers, inverter. Smart grid. ICT technologies for the Internet of Energy. Big data and cybersecurity. Forecasting of power production and electrical loads. Electrification of residential loads.

Lessons, exercises and software. Part of the materials is provided using the Moodle platform.

The examination consists of an oral exam focusing on theoretical questions and discussion of the case studies presented during the course.

This course explores topics closely related to one or more goals of the United Nations 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development (SDGs)